ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: La obesidad infantil es un problema global de salud pública. Una de las causas subyacentes de este evento complejo y multicausal se relaciona con la alta ingesta de energía. El uso inadecuado de suplementos dietarios podría superar los requerimientos de energía y nutrientes y generar una ganancia excesiva de peso corporal en los niños. Objetivo: Describir el tipo, cantidad y frecuencia de consumo de suplementos dietarios ingeridos por niños y niñas durante la edad preescolar, y evaluar la correlación entre este consumo y la composición corporal de los mismos en la edad escolar. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal analítico. Estudio piloto realizado en niños en edad escolar de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Variables dependientes: porcentaje de grasa corporal y masa músculo esquelética. Principal variable independiente: consumo de suplementos dietarios. La correlación entre variables fue evaluada usando el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman (rho). Resultados: La prevalencia del consumo de suplementos dietarios en algún momento, antes de los cinco años, fue de 51,11% (IC 95%, 0,35 a 0,66). Las formas de presentación usadas con mayor frecuencia fueron en polvo, granulado y líquido. Los tipos de suplementos utilizados correspondieron a fórmulas poliméricas (40,91%), seguidos por aceite de hígado de bacalao (36,36%). A mayor consumo de suplementos dietarios, se observó mayor porcentaje de grasa corporal (rho = 0,346) y menores valores de masa muscular esquelética (rho = -0,286). Sin embargo, estas correlaciones no fueron estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,114 y p = 0,286, respectivamente). Conclusión: Este estudio encontró una correlación débil y positiva entre el consumo de suplementos dietarios en la primera infancia y el porcentaje de grasa corporal y una correlación débil y negativa con la masa músculo esquelética; sin embargo, no hubo significancia estadística. Es necesario continuar investigando acerca de potenciales efectos no deseados del consumo inadecuado de suplementos durante la primera infancia.
Abstract Introduction: Childhood obesity is a global public health problem. One of the underlying causes of this complex and multicausal event is related to high energy intake. Inappropriate use of dietary supplements could exceed energy and nutrient requirements resulting in excessive body weight gain in children. Objective: To describe the type, quantity and frequency of consumption of dietary supplements ingested by boys and girls during preschool age and to evaluate the correlation between this consumption and their body composition at school age. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. Pilot study, carried out in school children from Bucaramanga, Colombia. Dependent variables: body fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass. Main independent variable: consumption of dietary supplements. The correlation between variables was evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient (rho). Results: The prevalence of consumption of dietary supplements at some point before the age of five was 51.11% (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.66). The most frequently used forms of presentation were powder, granules and liquid. The types of supplements used corresponded to polymeric formulas (40.91%), followed by cod liver oil (36.36%). A higher consumption of dietary supplements showed a higher percentage of body fat (rho=0.346) and lower values of skeletal muscle mass (rho= -0.286). However, these correlations were not statistically significant (p=0.114 and p=0.286, respectively). Conclusion: This study found a weak positive correlation between dietary supplement use in early childhood and body fat percentage and a weak negative correlation with skeletal muscle mass; however, there was no statistical significance. Further research is needed on the potential undesirable effects of inappropriate supplement use in early childhood.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Body Composition , Child , Child, Preschool , Dietary SupplementsABSTRACT
El sobrepeso y la obesidad, representan una preocupación para las autoridades de salud, dado que se ha incrementado en los últimos años; particularmente en poblaciones adultas. Objetivo: Relacionar el porcentaje de grasa corporal con la circunferencia de cintura, el índice cintura/talla y el Índice de Masa Corporal, como indicadores de obesidad en sujetos con diagnóstico de hígado graso no alcohólico. Materiales y Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal en una muestra de 137 adultos, de 18 a 70 años. Se midieron las variables: Edad, Talla, Peso, Circunferencia de Cintura (CC), Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), Índice Cintura/Talla (ICT), Índice peso/circunferencia de cintura (IPCC), Porcentaje de Grasa Corporal (%GC). Se determinaron promedios, desviación, correlaciones y prueba t de student. Resultados: Promedio: edad (47,06±13,71 años), peso (77,94±21,99 kg), talla (160,57±9,20 cm), IMC (30,21±7,92 kg/m2), CC (0,96±0,16 cm), ICT (0,60±0,10), IPCC (0,80±0,11), %GC (34,19±10,88). Según IMC, 34,3% sobrepeso y 39,4% obesos. Según CC, Riesgo elevado 19,0% y Riesgo muy elevado 55,5%. Según ICT, sobrepeso 10,9%, sobrepeso elevado 21,2% y obesidad 51,8%. Según IPCC, 54,0% en riesgo. Según %GC, 13,9% en límite y 52,5% obesidad. Alta correlación entre %GC e IMC (r = 0,85) y entre GC% y CC (r = 0,89). Conclusiones: el IMC es un buen indicador de obesidad, pero es importante conocer la cantidad de grasa del organismo. Se sugiere el %GC como complemento para diagnosticar obesidad; además al agregar CC, como indicador de grasa abdominal, se puede hacer un diagnóstico más preciso de la obesidad para garantizar un adecuado tratamiento y mejorar la calidad de vida en el adulto. Palabras clave: Índice de Masa Corporal, Circunferencia de Cintura, Índice Cintura-Talla, Índice Peso-Circunferencia de cintura, Porcentaje de grasa corporal, Sobrepeso, Obesidad(AU)
Overweight and obesity represent a concern for health authorities, given that it has increased in recent years. Objective: Relate the percentage of body fat with waist circumference, the index size waist and body mass (BMI), as an indicator of obesity. Materials and methods: descriptive, cross-sectional study in a sample of 137 adults, 18 to 70 years. Measured variables: age, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass (BMI), waist height index (WHtR), index weight waist circumference (WWCtR), percentage of body fat (BFP). Determined average, deviation, correlation and test student's t. Results: Average: age (47, 06±13,71 years), weight (77,94±21,99 kg), height (160,57±9,20 cm), BMI (30,21 ± 7,92 kg/m2), WC (0,96±0,16 cm), WHCtR (0,60±0,10), WWCtR (0,80±0,11), BFP(34,19±10,88). According to the BMI, 34.3% obese and 39, 4% overweight. According to WC, high-risk 19.0% and 55.5% very high risk. According to WWCtR, 10, 9% overweight, elevated 21, 2% overweight and obesity 51, 8%. According to WWCtR, 54, 0% at risk. According to BFP, 13, 9% in limit and 52, 5% obesity. High correlation between BMI and BFP (r=0, 85) and between the BFP and WC (r=0, 89). Conclusions: BMI is a good indicator of obesity, but it is important to know the amount of fat in the body. It is suggested the BFP as a complement to diagnose obesity; in addition to add WC, as an indicator of abdominal fat, a more accurate diagnosis of obesity can be to ensure adequate treatment and improve the quality of life in the adult(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Anthropometry/methods , Overweight , Fatty Liver , Obesity , Body Mass Index , Waist-Height RatioABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalences of the obesity and hypertension in southern mountain regions of Ningxia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 10 639 adults using questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood pressure measurement in southern mountain areas with a population proportionate sampling method. Results The prevalences of overweight,obesity,central obesity,high percentage of body fat,and hypertension were 33.53%,10.71%,19.50%,27.69%,and 31.57% respectively, which were 30.31%,9.62%,16.70%,24.90%,and 27.61% after age-adjustment in rural areas of Ningxia,and increased with aging(Ptrend<0.05). The prevalences of overweight,obesity,and hypertension were higher in males than those in females(P<0.05),and that of central obesity was higher in females than in males(P=0.003).The prevalences of hypertension in subjects with overweight, obesity, central obesity, high percentage of body fat were 38. 14%, 53.75%,52.69%,and 48.90%,respectively. Body mass index,waist circumference,and percentage of body fat were positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure(P<0.05). The multivariable logistic model revealed that the risk of hypertension in different types of obesity increased about 1.5 times. Conclusion There is high prevalence of obesity and hypertension among the adults in southern mountain areas of Ningxia. The prevalence of hypertension in obesity,central obesity,and high percentage of body fat is closed to or more than half of the population investigated.
ABSTRACT
Objective To identify the threshold of percentage of body fat (BF％) associated with diabetes mellitus,hypertension and dyslipidemia in an elderly Chinese population.Methods An individual was considered as a subject if they exhibited any one of the three cardiovascular disease risk factors:diabetes mellitus,hypertension or dyslipidemia.A total of 1 140 subjects were recruited from the Physical Examination Center of Tianjin Hospital,China (male 511,female 629,aged ≥60 years).Questionnaire interview,physical examination,body composition measurement,blood biochemistry measurement,muscle strength measurement and other measurements were performed for each subject.Receiver operating curves (ROC) were created to determine the optimal percentage of body fat cutoff points,with the presence of diabetes mellitus,hypertension or dyslipidemia as outcome variable.Results The percentage of subjects with at least one of the following conditions (diabetes mellitus,hypertension or dyslipidemia) was 62.8％ for men and 73.9％ for women.Increased percentage of body fat was associated with an increased occurrence of diabetes mellitus,hypertension or dyslipidemia in the elderly,particularly among women.The ROC curve shows that the threshold of fat percentage in men and women was 28.2％ and 36.6％,respectively.Conclusion The risks of diabetes,hypertension and dyslipidemia is closely related to elevated body fat mass in the elderly.The percentage of body fat mass is an important indicator of obesity,threshold of BF ％ can provide reference for clinical obesity intervention in elderly patients.It also can provide reference for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective·To evaluate the impact of one-child on body mass index (BMI), and percentage of body fat in primary school students. Methods·All the sample was recruited from 5 elementary schools in Gaohang Town, Shanghai, China. The baseline data of height, body weight, and percentage of body fat was obtained in 2013, and re-measured in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Birth weight, breast feeding, diet and time for physical activities of each children and the highest education level, height, and body weight of their parents were also collected by a self-completed questionnaire. Logistic regression and Mix model was used to analyze the relationship between one-child and BMI, BMI-Z score, and percentage of body fat. Results·A total number of 2515 (1323 boys and 1192 girls) primary school students completed the study and entered the analysis. The percent of one child in this study population was 72.0％ (1812/2515). BMI-Z score, time for physical activities, parental education level, and maternal BMI were higher, while the rate of breast feeding was lower in one-child group compared to non-one-child group. The results of Logistic regression showed boys (compared to girls), macrosomia ( ≥4000g vs normal birth weight), overweight father and mother (compared to normal BMI) were risk factors for overweight. The factor of one-child didn't increase the risk of overweight (OR=1.119, 95％ CI 0.911-1.374). After potential con-founders adjusted, the annual increase of BMI (β=0.028, 95％ CI -0.045-0.100), BMI-Z score (β=0.002, 95％CI -0.034-0.037) and percentage of body fat (β=0.013, 95％ CI -0.181-0.207) showed no obvious difference between the two groups. Conclusion·One-child factor showed no obvious relationship with BMI, BMI-Z score and percentage of body fat in primary school students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relation between the characteristics of body fat distribution and the cardiovascular risk factors in some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)in Xinjiang region.Methods The percentage of body fat (PBF)and visceral fat area(VA)were determined in 155 cases of T2DM by using the Inbody 720 body composition analyzer.At the same time triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C),blood pressure(BP), glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c,body weight(W),body height,waist circumference ratio(WC)and hip circumference(HC)were also determined.The body mass index(BMI)and the waist to hip ratio was calculated.Results In both men and women,BMI in the subjects with visceral fat obesity(VFO)was higher than that with subcutaneous fat obesity(SFO).In males,TG in VFO was signif-icantly higher than that in SFO.PBF,TC and LDL-C in the female T2DM patients were significantly higher than those in the male T2DM patients.VA and PBF in the minority male patients were significantly higher than those in the Han nationality male patients (P <0.05).After correcting the age,course of disease and BMI,WHR in the female patients was positively correlated with DBP and PBF was positively correlated with LDL-C.In the male patients,there were correlations between BMI with SBP,between VA with DBP,and between VA with PBF and HDL-C;in the female patients,there were correlations between BMI with SBP and be-tween WHR with DBP.Conclusion The body fat distribution in the patients with T2DM in Xinjiang region is dominated by VFO. The cardiovascular risk factors are not only associated with the increase of body fat content,but more closely associated with VFO, moreover the differences in genders and nationalities exist.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the consistency in the measurement of percentage of body fat(PBF) by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)in overweight and obese adults in China,and provide evidence for the accurate MF-BIA application in China. Methods A total of 1 323 overweight/obese adults aged 22-55 years were recruited in this study. All the subjects received PBF measurement by both MF-BIA and DXA. The consistency in PBF measurement by MF-BIA and DXA was evaluated by using interclass correlation coefficients(ICC),then the correction prediction models was established. Results The differences in PBF measurement in male subjects and female subjects between MF-BIA and DXA were statistical significant (all P<0.01),the mean difference values were-6.5% for overweight males and -4.3% for obese males,-2.5% for overweight females and 0.5% for obese females, respectively. The difference in ICC of PBF between MF-BIA and DXA measurement were statistically significant in all subgroups (P<0.01). The ICC was 0.746 for overweight males,0.807 for obese males,0.628 for overweight females and 0.674 for obese females,respectively. The correction prediction models included:PBF(DXA)=13.425+0.719 × PBF(MF-BIA)for overweight males;PBF(DXA)=12.572+0.741×PBF(MF-BIA)for obese males;PBF(DXA)=9.785+0.802× PBF (MF-BIA) for overweight females;PBF(DXA)=20.348+0.532 × PBF(MF-BIA) for obese females. Conclusion The consistency in PBF measurement in overweight/obese adults by MF-BIA and DXA was poor in China. Correction should be conducted when MF-BIA is used in the measurement of PBF.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the mediating effect of blood lipids on the correlation between body fat and blood pressure among overweight adults. Methods Overweight and obese subjects aged 20-55 years who had lived in Beijing for at least 1 year were recruited in this study, Body mass index(BMI)was used as a screening indicators. The percentage of body fat(PBF)was measured for the subjects by using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA). Mediating effect analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of blood lipids on correlation between PBF and systolic blood pressure(SBP)as well as diastolic blood pressure(DBP). Results After adjusting for age,PBF was positively correlated with SBP and DBP in both males(β=0.208 3,β=0.205 2, P<0.001)and females(β=0.188 4,β=0.209 6,P<0.001). In male subgroup,PBF was negatively correlated with HDL-C level,but positively correlated with LDL-C level(β=-0.142 2,P<0.01 andβ=0.180 5,P<0.001),while in female subgroup,PBF was positively correlated with both TC level and LDL-C level(β=0.172 1,P<0.001 and β=0.233 5,P<0.001). With PBF controlled,TC and TG levels were positively correlated with DBP in both males and females(β=0.095 6,0.090 5 for males,β=0.117 6,0.083 1 for females,P<0.05),and TG level was positively correlated with SBP in females(β=0.127 2,P<0.001). Further analysis indicated there was a significant mediating effect of LDL-C on correlation between PBF and DBP in females,with the mediating effect value of 0.019 4 (P<0.05). The ratio of mediating effect was 9.26%. Conclusion PBF was positively correlated with blood pressure,but blood lipids had no mediating effect on the correlation between PBF and blood pressure in males,while LDL-C level had mediating effect on PBF and blood pressure in females.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the consistency in the measurement of percentage of body fat(PBF) by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)in overweight and obese adults in China,and provide evidence for the accurate MF-BIA application in China. Methods A total of 1 323 overweight/obese adults aged 22-55 years were recruited in this study. All the subjects received PBF measurement by both MF-BIA and DXA. The consistency in PBF measurement by MF-BIA and DXA was evaluated by using interclass correlation coefficients(ICC),then the correction prediction models was established. Results The differences in PBF measurement in male subjects and female subjects between MF-BIA and DXA were statistical significant (all P<0.01),the mean difference values were-6.5% for overweight males and -4.3% for obese males,-2.5% for overweight females and 0.5% for obese females, respectively. The difference in ICC of PBF between MF-BIA and DXA measurement were statistically significant in all subgroups (P<0.01). The ICC was 0.746 for overweight males,0.807 for obese males,0.628 for overweight females and 0.674 for obese females,respectively. The correction prediction models included:PBF(DXA)=13.425+0.719 × PBF(MF-BIA)for overweight males;PBF(DXA)=12.572+0.741×PBF(MF-BIA)for obese males;PBF(DXA)=9.785+0.802× PBF (MF-BIA) for overweight females;PBF(DXA)=20.348+0.532 × PBF(MF-BIA) for obese females. Conclusion The consistency in PBF measurement in overweight/obese adults by MF-BIA and DXA was poor in China. Correction should be conducted when MF-BIA is used in the measurement of PBF.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the mediating effect of blood lipids on the correlation between body fat and blood pressure among overweight adults. Methods Overweight and obese subjects aged 20-55 years who had lived in Beijing for at least 1 year were recruited in this study, Body mass index(BMI)was used as a screening indicators. The percentage of body fat(PBF)was measured for the subjects by using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA). Mediating effect analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of blood lipids on correlation between PBF and systolic blood pressure(SBP)as well as diastolic blood pressure(DBP). Results After adjusting for age,PBF was positively correlated with SBP and DBP in both males(β=0.208 3,β=0.205 2, P<0.001)and females(β=0.188 4,β=0.209 6,P<0.001). In male subgroup,PBF was negatively correlated with HDL-C level,but positively correlated with LDL-C level(β=-0.142 2,P<0.01 andβ=0.180 5,P<0.001),while in female subgroup,PBF was positively correlated with both TC level and LDL-C level(β=0.172 1,P<0.001 and β=0.233 5,P<0.001). With PBF controlled,TC and TG levels were positively correlated with DBP in both males and females(β=0.095 6,0.090 5 for males,β=0.117 6,0.083 1 for females,P<0.05),and TG level was positively correlated with SBP in females(β=0.127 2,P<0.001). Further analysis indicated there was a significant mediating effect of LDL-C on correlation between PBF and DBP in females,with the mediating effect value of 0.019 4 (P<0.05). The ratio of mediating effect was 9.26%. Conclusion PBF was positively correlated with blood pressure,but blood lipids had no mediating effect on the correlation between PBF and blood pressure in males,while LDL-C level had mediating effect on PBF and blood pressure in females.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the relationship and screening value of percentage of body fat (BF%) and waist height ratio (WHtR) for hyperlipidemia in physical examination people. Methods A total of 2 668 objects taking physical examination in Henan Province People′s Hospital from September to December 2014 were included in this study. Values of height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body composition and blood lipid level were detected. The receiver oper?ating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the screening rate of WHtR and BF%on hyperlipidemia with sensitivi?ty, specific and area under the curve (AUC). After stratified by age, waist circumference and BMI, multivariable logistic re?gression analysis was used to investigate the association between hyperlipidemia risk, BF% and WHtR. Results The screening accuracy rate on hyperlipidemia was higher for BF%, AUC was 0.79 in both female and male people. Among wom?en with BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2, the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group. There was no correlation between WHtR and hyperlipidemia. Among men older than 40 y or with abnormal waist cir?cumference (≥85 cm), the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group, but not associat?ed with WHtR. Conclusion The BF%is a better screening indicator for hyperlipidemia compared with that of WHtR and BMI. Women with BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2 and men older than 40 y or with waist circumference over 85 cm are suggested to do body composition tests to improve screening accuracy for hyperlipidemia.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes, blood lipids and bone mineral density of male (n = 59) and female (n = 172) teachers according to the obesity index by percentage of body fat and age. The energy intakes of obesity group were higher than normal group in male (p < 0.05), but were not significant in female. The protein intake ratio among three energy nutrients for male was higher than female (p < 0.001), and lipid intake ratio of obesity group in female was a little higher than male that was not significant. TC, LDL, TC/HDL, risk of coronary heart disease, blood glucose and blood pressure of obesity group were higher than normal group in female (p < 0.01 ~ p < 0.001), but were little significance in male. Risk of coronary heart disease was affected by gender (p < 0.001), obesity degree (p < 0.01), age (p < 0.001), and interaction of gender and age (p < 0.001). Blood glucose was affected by obesity degree (p < 0.05), but was not affected by age. T-scores of forearm for female (= -1.42) were lower than that of male (= -0.95), and T-scores of obesity group in male (= 0.12) were higher than that of normal group (= -0.33) but were not significant in female. The T-scores of forearm for female were affected by age (p < 0.05) and gender (p < 0.01), but calcaneus was not affected by gender. These results suggest lipid intake ratio should be balanced for obesity group in female. Nutritional education for treatment obesity to prevent hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis is necessary for obesity group and older age groups. T-scores of forearm were lower than calcaneus, so arm exercise would be especially required to prevent osteoporosis for older age women groups.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Adipose Tissue , Arm , Arteriosclerosis , Blood Glucose , Blood Pressure , Bone Density , Calcaneus , Coronary Disease , Forearm , Hyperlipidemias , Korea , Obesity , OsteoporosisABSTRACT
Estimation of thickness of subcutabeous folds (SqF) is a simple way to estimate body composition in children, although it has its limitations. Double photon densitometry (DXA) is considered a new standard. Objective: To compare the precision of estimation of body fat by SqF and DXA in a population of Chilean children. Patients and Methods: Body fat was estimated in 128 eutrophic healthy children (70 females, 58 males), between 2 and 18 y.o. through SqF equations and DXA. Differences between both methods were evaluated through the Bland and Altman method and Lin concordance coefficient. Results: Most SqF equations had poor concordance with DXA. There was better concordance if the Westrate and Deurenberg equation was used among prepuberal and children of all ages (average difference of 2,96 +/- 1,20 percent and 4,92 +/- 0,98 percent and Lin concordance index of 0,50 +/- 0,22 and 0,43 +/- 0,88, respectively). Conclusions: Body fat estimated through subcutaneous fold measurements is poorly correlated with double photon densitometry among Chilean children. However, until more precise equations are developed, Westrate and Deurenberg for all ages, and Westrate/Deurenberg specific for pre-puberal age can be used.
La estimación del grosor de pliegues subcutáneos (PS) es una manera simple de estimar composición corporal en niños, sin embargo, tiene limitaciones. La densitometría de doble fotón (DXA) es considerada como el nuevo estándar de referencia. Objetivo: Comparar la precisión de la estimación del porcentaje de masa grasa por PS con la obtenida por DXA en población infantil chilena. Pacientes y Método: Se estimó el porcentaje de masa grasa en 128 niños (70 mujeres y 58 hombres) sanos, eutróficos, entre 2 y 18 años, por diversas ecuaciones de PS y se comparó con DXA. La diferencia entre ambos mediciones fue evaluada mediante el método de Bland y Altman y el coeficiente de concordancia de Lin. Resultados: La mayoría de las ecuaciones de PS tuvieron un pobre nivel de concordancia con DXA. Sin embargo, existe una mejor concordancia entre lo calculado según PS y DXA tanto en niños pre-puberales con la fórmula específica de Westrate y Deurenberg y en niños de todas las edades, con la ecuación general de Westrate y Deurenberg (diferencia promedio de 2,96 +/- 1,20 por ciento y 4,92 +/- 0,98 por ciento e índice de concordancia de Lin de 0,50 +/- 0,22 y 0,43 +/- 0,88, respectivamente) Conclusiones: La estimación del porcentaje de masa grasa a partir de los PS, tiene una baja concordancia, sin embargo, mientras no se desarrollen ecuaciones con una precisión más alta se podrían utilizar las ecuaciones de Westrate y Deurenberg a todas las edades y la de Westrate y Deurenberg específica para la edad pre-puberal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Absorptiometry, Photon , Body Composition , Skinfold Thickness , Adiposity , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , ChileABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:The prevalence of overweight or obesity in populations has increased in recent decades in developed countries.The results of Mongolian Steps Survey on the Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors revealed that21.8% were overweight and 9.8% obese in 2006.Overweight and obesity lead to serious health consequences such as: cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus andsome types of cancer.Overweight and obesity is defined as an excess body fat content for statur (Bray GA, Bouchard C, James WPT. 1998).Ideally, the best assessment of overweight and obesity would be a measure of actual body fat (Deborah A, Galuska andLaura Kettel Khan, 2001). Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the association between overweight or obesityand body fat mass and body- fat percentage levels in Mongolian people.GOAL:The goal of this study was to explore the body fat mass and body fat percentage in Mongolian people by the categoriesof gender, age groups and body mass index categories.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study was conducted from April 2008 to April 2009 in Ulaanbaatar Songdo Hospital. We were chosen 240 peopleaged 16 to 80 years by the random sampling method.Height was measured using the Ultrasonic Height meter ‘’UHM-101’’ (Jawon Medical Co.Ltd, SK). Body mass index,body fat mass and body fat percentages were measured using a segmental bioelectrical impedance meter (‘’X-SCANPLUS II+Body Composition Analyzer, Jawon Medical Co.Ltd, SK). The percentage of body fat and body-fat mass weredescribed in regard to age, sex, weight and height of an individual.RESULTS: The survey results on BMI categories (WHO 2000), 39.6% had normal weight while 35, 8% were overweight and were15.8% obese I, 7.1% obese II, and 1.7% obese III, respectively. The percentage levels of body fat were 27-31% in malesand 33 - 42% in women aged 39-70 years.Body fat mass and body fat percentage levels were high in population with overweight and obesity.The daily consumption of fat was higher than the Mongolian RDA.CONCLUSION: Body fat percentage levels and body fat mass were increased with age and BMI categories.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the optimal cut-off points of body mass index(BMI),percentage of body fat(PBF) and body fat mass index(BFMI) for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males. MethodsThe data of physical examinations from 1 052 Shanghai elderly males in 2007 were collected.The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors clustering and different strata of BMI,PBF and BFMI was analyzed.Receiver Operator Characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was employed to determine the optimal cut-points for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering,and area under curve(AUC) was worked out.The population attributable risk proportion(PARP) of risk factors clustering was calculated. Results Odds ratios of risk factors clustering tended to increase with BMI,PBF and BFMI.BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 were the cut-off points that had approximate sensitivity and specificity,and/or had the shortest distance in ROC curve.AUC of all the three indexes was larger than 0.5.Analysis of PARP indicated that BMI under 24 kg/m2,PBF under 21% and BFMI under 5 kg/m2 could prevent 27.1%,37.44% and 36.63% risk factors clustering,respectively. Conclusion BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 can well reflect the cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the increasing plasma proteins in inflammatory diseases and tissue necrosis and recent evidence show that increased elevated levels of CRP are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and obesity. To investigate the relationship of obesity and CRP, we evaluated the correlation of CRP with obesity index in healthy adults. METHODS: The subjects included 1,926 healthy adults (1,168 men and 758 women) who visited the Health Promotion Center of a general hospital from May to December 2004. We excluded subjects who had inflammatory diseases, and investigated based on age, physical examination, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum lipid profile, percentage of body fat, and body mass index (BMI). CRP was analyzed by method of Turbid Immuno Assay (TIA) which has high sensitivity-CRP. We evaluated serum level of CRP in relation to %body fat, BMI, and clustering of metabolic risk factors. RESULTS: Comparing the median CRP with the percentage of body fat, BMI, clustering of metabolic risk factors the value of CRP significantly increased according to increase in %body fat BMI and metabolic risk fakfor (P or =0.22 mg/dL) was increased as %body fat, BMI, and clustering of metabolic risk factor increased. The Odds Ratios for elevated levels of CRP were 1.5 (95% CI 1.0~2.1) in men and 2.9 (95% CI 1.7~4.8) in women for subjects with obesity (BMI> or =25 kg/m2), 2.0 (95% CI 1.3~2.9) in men with more than 25% %body fat, and 2.5 (95% CI 1.4~4.1) in women with more than 30% %body fat. CONCLUSION: As %body fat increased, the proportion of elevated CRP (> or =0.22 mg/dL) level increased in men and women. We conclude that obesity is related with CRP.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Adipose Tissue , Blood Glucose , Blood Pressure , Blood Proteins , Body Mass Index , C-Reactive Protein , Coronary Disease , Fasting , Health Promotion , Hospitals, General , Necrosis , Obesity , Odds Ratio , Physical Examination , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
0.05),but lean body weight(LBW) and total body water(TBW) increased significantly(P0.05),whereas LBW and TBW decreased significantly(P0.05),whereas LBW and TBW increased significantly(P
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and relation of body mass index (BMI) to body fat percentage and waist circumference in Chinese healthy adults. Methods: 1005 healthy adults were divided into five groups by BMI,which was made by WHO's recent classification of BMI for Asian adults. Anthropometric measurements (waist and hip circumference , skinfold thickness and ratio of waist and hip circumference) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were done in subjects. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity classⅠin males were significantly higher than in females. The prevalence of obesity classⅡwas lower both in males and in females. Females had higher percent body fat than males measured by BIA and by skinfold thickness measurements. BMI was significantly correlated with waist circumference in all age groups. Waist circumference was more than 80 cm in overweight females, and more than 90 cm in obesity classⅠin males. Conclusion: The age of overweight and obesity in males was younger than in females. The body fat in females was higher than in males. BMI cut off points for obesity diagnosis are over estimated much more than BIA and skinfold thickness measurements for percent body fat in adults. It should be noted that age, sex and physical activity need to be considered besides BMI when obesity is diagnosed.